Gu Health Dictionary

A disease of the peripheral nerves causing weakness and numbness in the limbs. It customarily occurs up to three weeks after an infection – for example, CAMPYLOBACTER infection of the gastrointestinal tract provoking an allergic response in the nerves. It may begin with weakness of the legs and gradually spread up the body. In the worst cases the patient may become totally paralysed and require to be arti?cially ventilated. Despite this, recovery is the rule.... guillain-barré syndrome

Dracunculus medinensis.... guinea worm

A collection of varying symptoms, such as persistent tiredness, headaches, muscle pain and poor concentration, reported by members of the Coalition Armed Forces who served in the 1991 Gulf War. Whilst there is strong evidence for a health e?ect related to service, there is no evidence of a particular set of signs and symptoms (the de?nition of a ‘syndrome’) unique to those who served in the Gulf War. Symptoms have been blamed on multiple possible hazards, such as exposure to depleted uranium munitions, smoke from oil-well ?res and use of pesticides. However, the only clearly demonstrated association is with the particular pattern of vaccinations used to protect against biological weapons. Many con?icts in the past have generated their own ‘syndromes’, given names such as e?ort syndrome and shell-shock, suggesting a link to the psychological stress of being in the midst of warfare.... gulf war syndrome

Gullet, or OESOPHAGUS, is the tube down which food passes from the throat to the stomach.... gullet

A painful condition of in?ammation, ending sometimes as an ABSCESS, situated in the gum about the root of a carious tooth (see TEETH, DISORDERS OF – Caries of the teeth).... gumboil

A hard swelling, or GRANULOMA, characteristic of tertiary SYPHILIS. It normally develops in the skin or subcutaneous tissue, mucous membranes or submucosa, and the long bones. Although often painless, it may produce marked symptoms by interfering with the brain or other internal organs in which it may be located. Treatment with penicillin (or tetracycline if the patient is allergic) usually ensures a rapid disappearance of the gumma.... gumma

A senior health professional in all NHS trusts, whose responsibility it is to preserve the con?dentiality of patient information.... caldicott guardian

A cuticular thickening of the dorsal wall of the spicular pouch in nematodes.... gubernaculum

See RELATE MARRIAGE GUIDANCE.... marriage guidance

Painful from ill-fitting dentures or injury caused by new dentures, with soft sensitive gums. Same treatment as for GUMS, RECEDING. Leave out artificial teeth at night to allow gums to “breathe”. Sage tea as a mouth rinse – success reported. Coenzyme Vitamin Q10: 60mg daily. ... gums

From the Indian bean Chyamopsis tetragonobulus. A normaliser of carbohydrate intolerance. Previously used as an emulsifier and thickener in foods like yoghurt and ice-cream. When combined with water forms a sticky gel. Slows rate of entry of sugar into the blood, improving insulin sensitivity. Anti-hyperglycaemic and hypocholesterolaemic.

Guar has an effect upon sugar metabolism, blood fat levels, body weight and blood pressure. (Dr J. Tuomilehto, University of Turku, Finland) A study at Hammersmith Hospital, London, showed Guar efficacious in reducing blood sugar levels. Its cholesterol-lowering action is of benefit in diabetics.

Guar induces weight loss in obese subjects; reduces risk of kidney stone. Granules of the gum may be taken with water or sprinkled direct on food – fluid being taken at the meal to ensure swelling of the granules.

By slowing the rate of sugar absorption, it reduces the post-prandial peak in blood sugar level, making possible a reduction of insulin. Contra-indications: obstruction of the intestines and diseases of the gullet.

Guarina or Guarem, sachets: 5g unit dose sprinkled over food. Adults: one sachet daily, increasing if necessary to a maximum of 3 sachets. A preparation Glucotard is taken as dry minitablets, washed down in portions with a glass of water.

Alternative: Powdered Guar gum – 15 grams daily.

Note: Effectiveness for weight loss unproven. Guar gum may cause throat obstruction in rare cases and should be prescribed by a medical practitioner only.

See: DIABETES. HYPERLIPIDAEMIA. CHOLESTEROL. ... guar gum

Labill.

Family: Fabaceae; Papilionaceae.

Habitat: Highlands of Asia Minor, Iran, Greece, Syria and Russia.

English: Tragacanth Gum.

Unani: Katiraa, Kataad (Gum)

Action: Demulcent, emollient (used for irritation of the internal mucosa, colitis, dry coughs), laxative. Mucilage used as an application to burns.

The gum contains polysaccharides and proteinaceous polysaccharides.

Tragacanthin is water-soluble, consisting of an arbinogalactan and traga- canthic acid. Bassorin is an insoluble methylated fraction (gel). The polysac- charides have been shown to have im- munostimulating activity (stimulation of phagocytosis and an increase in plasma cell counts of T-lymphocytes.

Although tragacanth increases weight of stool and decreases gastrointestinal transit time, it does not appear to affect cholesterol triglyceride or phospholipid levels as other soluble fibres do. (Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, 2007.)

Tragacanth has been shown to be active against a variety of tumours. It appears to inhibit growth of cancer cells.... astragalus gummifer

Systematically developed statements which assist clinicians and patients to decide on appropriate treatments for speci?c conditions. The guidelines are attractive to health managers and patients because they are potentially able to reduce variation in clinical practice. This helps to ensure that patients receive the right treatment of an acceptable standard. In England and Wales, the NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR CLINICAL EXCELLENCE (NICE) is developing national guidelines with advice from health-care professionals and patients to improve clinical e?ectiveness of NHS care. Some doctors have reservations about guidelines because (1) health-care managers might use them primarily to contain costs; (2) in?exibility would discourage clinical innovations; (3) they could encourage litigation by patients. (See also HEALTH CARE COMMISSION; MEDICAL LITIGATION.)... clinical guidelines

A systematically developed statement to assist practitioner and patient decisions about appropriate health care for one or more specific clinical circumstances.... clinical practice guideline

Linn. f.

Synonym: G. arborea Roxb. G. inermis Dietr.

Family: Rubiaceae.

Habitat: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

English: Gummy Cape Jasmine.

Ayurvedic: Venupatrikaa, Naadi- hingu, Hingushivaatikaa. Hingu- patrikaa, Hingupatri (also equated with Ferula Jaeschkeana Vatke).

Unani: Dikaamaali.

Siddha/Tamil: Dikkamalli, Kambil, Sinna Kambil.

Action: Gum—carminative, antispasmodic, stimulant, diaphoretic, anthelmintic, antiseptic, expectorant. Given to children in nervous disorders and diarrhoea due to dentition.

The gum yielded flavones, including gardenin, de-Me-tangeretin and nevadensin; wogonins, isoscutellarein, apigenin and de-MeO-sudachitin.

Dosage: Gum—250-500 mg. (CCRAS.)... gardenia gummifera

West Indian elm (Guazuma ulmifolia).

Plant Part Used: Root.

Dominican Medicinal Uses: Leaf: decoction, orally, for cough, common cold and flu symptoms. Bark: multi-herb decoction, orally, for menstrual disorders, fibroids, ovarian cysts, menopausal symptoms.

Safety: Leaf: considered safe when used appropriately; low toxicity of shown in animal and clinical studies. No information on safety of the bark.

Contraindications: No information on safety of leaf or bark in children and pregnant or lactating women.

Laboratory & Preclinical Data: In vivo: antidiabetic, hypoglycemic (bark extracts).

In vitro: antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antioxidant (organic plant extracts); antisecretory (bark extract); enzyme inhibition (bark extracts).

* See entry for Guácima in “Part 3: Dominican Medicinal Plant Profiles” of this book for more information, including references.... guácima

(Spanish) From the valley of wolves

Godalupe, Gwadalupe... guadalupe

See Guácima.... guazuma

(Swedish) One who is unspoiled Gudney, Gudni, Gudnie, Gudne, Gudnee, Gudnea, Gudneah... gudny

(Scandinavian) A battlemaiden Gudren, Gudrid, Gudrin, Gudrinn, Gudruna, Gudrunn, Gudrunne, Guthrun, Guthrunn, Guthrunne... gudrun

(Italian) One who acts as a guide Geeda, Geida, Gieda, Geada, Gwyda, Gwida... guida

A direction or principle representing current or future rules of policy and clinical practice. Generally a comprehensive guide to problems and approaches in any field of activity. Guidelines are more specific and more detailed than guiding principles, on which they are based.... guideline

A general rule that can be used as a guide, for example, to develop and implement policies, to set up a managerial process or to organize primary health care in communities.... guiding principle

Linn.

Family: Zygophyllaceae.

Habitat: Introduced from the West Indies; grown as an ornamental.

English: Lignum Vitae, Tree-of-life, Pockwood tree.

Ayurvedic: Jivadaaru, Loha- Kaashtha.

Unani: Chob-hayaat.

Folk: Loha-lakkar.

Action: Antirheumatic, anti- inflammatory, mild laxative, diuretic, diaphoretic, fungistatic (During the sixteenth century it was used as a cure for syphilis.)

Key application: As a supportive therapy for rheumatic complaints. (German Commission E.) The British Herbal Pharmacopoeia reported anti-inflammatory activity in the resin.

Several triterpene saponins, sapo- genins and prosapogenins have been isolated from different parts of the plant.

A triterpenoidal saponin, isolated from the flowers, showed activity against Gram-negative bacteria. (The herb is used as a additive to mouth washes.)... guaiacum officinale

Senna (Senna alata).

Plant Part Used: Leaf, flower.

Dominican Medicinal Uses: Leaves: decoction, orally, for blood-cleansing, infection, diarrhea, parasites; topically as a wash for skin disease and paño.

Safety: Considered safe for therapeutic use when administered appropriately; relatively low toxicity shown in animal studies; avoid prolonged or excessive use.

Contraindications: Intestinal obstruction, gastro-intestinal inflammatory disease, anal prolapse, hemorrhoids, pregnancy, lactation, children < 12 y, abdominal pain or appendicitis of unknown origin.

Drug Interactions: Diuretics, cardiac glycosides.

Laboratory & Preclinical Data: In vivo: bovine dermatophilosis treatment (leaf extract).

In vitro: anti-inflammatory (leaf extract), antimicrobial (leaf and bark extracts), platelet aggregation inhibition (leaf constituent).

* See entry for Guajabo in “Part 3: Dominican Medicinal Plant Profiles” of this book for more information, including references.... guajabo

Soursop (Annona muricata).

Plant Part Used: Leaf, fruit.

Dominican Medicinal Uses: Leaf: tea, orally, for common cold, flu, musculoskeletal injury, menopausal symptoms, nervousness/anxiety; externally as a bath for fever in children. Fruit: eaten, diuretic and fever-reducing.

Safety: Fruits are commonly consumed; reports of toxicity from ingestion of leaves in humans; contradictory results from animal toxicity studies; possibly implicated in atypical parkinsonism in the Caribbean.

Laboratory & Preclinical Data: In vivo: antioxidant (stem bark alcohol extract).

In vitro: human serotonin receptor binding activity, antiviral (HSV-1), cytotoxic in cancer cells, molluscicidal in schistosomiasis vector (plant extracts and constituents).

* See entry for Guanábana in “Part 3: Dominican Medicinal Plant Profiles” of this book for more information, including references.... guanábana

Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan).

Plant Part Used: Leaf, root, seed (bean).

Dominican Medicinal Uses: Seeds: cooked as a legume for nutrition. Leaf: poultice, applied externally for arthritis and joint pain. Root: strong decoction, to induce abortion.

Safety: Seeds widely consumed and generally considered safe; plant extracts have shown toxic effects in animal studies; more information needed to determine safety of plant in humans.

Laboratory & Preclinical Data: In vitro: antibacterial, antimicrobial, antigonorrheal (leaf extracts); antimalarial (root constituents); antisickling (seed extract).

* See entry for Guandúl in “Part 3: Dominican Medicinal Plant Profiles” of this book for more information, including references.... guandúl

Guarana tea has been recognized by generations of people from the Amazon as being an energy booster and a strong helper for those with cognitive problems. Guarana is a climbing plant that grows in the Amazon and in the tropical forests of Brazil. Its seeds are mostly used as a caffeine substitute in energy drinks. The constituents of guarana plant are caffeine (guarana tea contains 2.5 times the amount of caffeine than coffee) and traces of theophylline and thebromine (commonly used as stimulants). How To Make Guarana Tea You can make guarana tea by boiling 2 grams of crushed guarana seeds in 250 ml of water. Let it boil for about 10 minutes then wait for it to cool down a little bit. Then, by using a trainer to catch the guarana seeds, pour the tea into your cup. Optionally, sweeten it with sugar or honey. Guarana Tea Benefits

• Guarana tea may be effective in treating headaches, but only as a short-term treatment, according to the University of Colorado Denver College of Pharmacy.
• Enhances memory, alertness and other cognitive capacities.
• Boosts energy and alleviates depression.
• Treats chronic diarrhea.

Guarana Tea Side Effects The side effects of guarana tea are associated with over consumption. If you drink too much guarana tea you may experience the same side effects that you can have when drinking too much coffee, such as:

• Anxiety
• Trembling
• Hyperactivity
• Frequent urination
• Palpitation

Needless to say, pregnant and breastfeeding woman should not drink guarana tea! All in all, do not drink more than 3 cups of guarana tea per day! This way your body gets the exact amount of caffeine that it needs and you can be sure you would not experience its side effects!... guarana tea

(English) In Arthurian legend, Guinevere’s sister Gwenhwyfach, Gwenhwyvach... guinevak

(Welsh) One who is fair; of the white wave; in mythology, King Arthur’s queen

Guenever, Guenevere, Gueniver, Guenna, Guennola, Guinever, Guinna, Gwen, Gwenevere, Gweniver, Gwenn, Gwennie, Gwennola, Gwennora, Gwennore, Gwenny, Gwenora, Gwenore, Gwyn, Gwynn, Gwynna, Gwynne, Guanhamara, Guanhumora, Gvenour, Gwenhwyfar, Gwenhwyvar, Gwenhyvar, Gwenifer, Gwennor, Gwenyver... guinevere

(Italian) Feminine form of Guiseppe; the Lord will add Giuseppyna, Giuseppa, Giuseppia, Giuseppea, Guiseppie, Guiseppia, Guiseppa, Giuseppina... guiseppina

Divi divi (Caesalpinia coriaria).

Plant Part Used: Fruit (dried seed pod).

Dominican Medicinal Uses: Fruit (dried seed pod): decoction, gargle or mouthwash, for sore throat, tonsillitis, toothache, oral inflammation or infection; decoction, douche, for vaginal infection, inflammation of the ovaries, venereal disease, menstrual disorders, pelvic pain and cleansing the reproductive system; decoction, orally, fever, inflammation and infection.

Safety: Unknown; no information found.

Clinical, Laboratory & Preclinical Data: No data identified in the literature. See Brasil for information on closely related species.

* See entry for Guatapanál in “Part 3: Dominican Medicinal Plant Profiles” of this book for more information, including references.... guatapanál

Lignum vitae (Guaiacum officinale).

Plant Part Used: Stem, wood.

Dominican Medicinal Uses: Stem, wood: tincture, orally, for upper respiratory tract infections, skin ailments, arthritis and venereal disease; tincture, externally, for arthritis, rheumatism, joint pain (also orally in small amount); decoction, externally, to prevent hair loss.

Safety: Considered safe is used appropriately; adverse effects include skin rash, diarrhea, gastroenteritis and intestinal colic.

Laboratory & Preclinical Data: In an animal study of a closely related Guaiacum species, the following effects were shown: anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic.

* See entry for Guayacán in “Part 3: Dominican Medicinal Plant Profiles” of this book for more information, including references.... guayacán

Lam.

Synonym: G. tomentosa H. B. & K.

Family: Sterculiaceae.

Habitat: Native to tropical America. Cultivated as a roadside shade tree in warmer parts of the country

English: Bastard Cedar.

Ayurvedic: Pundraaksha, Rudraak- shi (fake Rudraaksha).

Siddha: Rudraksham and allied names are misnomers for this plant. (Rukraaksha is equated with Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.)

Action: Fruit—anticatarrhal (used in bronchitis). Bark—demulcent, sudorific. Used in skin diseases. Seed—astringent, carminative, antidiarrhoeal.

The plant gave kaempferol gly- cosides. Leaves contain octacosanol and taraxerol-OAC, friedelin-3-alpha- OAC, 3 beta-ol and beta-sitosterol. Bark contains friedelin, betulin and beta-sitosterol.... guazuma ulmifolia

Linn.

Family: Rubiaceae.

Habitat: Native to tropical America; occurs in tidal forests of South India and in Andaman Islands. (An extract of flowers, resembling rose-water, in sold in Travancore markets.)

Action: Bark—used in chronic dysentery; also applied to wounds and abscesses.

Siddha/Tamil: Pey Ellu, Uch Ellu.

Folk: Raam-til, Kaalaa Til, Sargujaa.

Action: Oil from seed—an- tirheumatic.

The seeds yield an oil (33%), a mixture of triglycerides, lauric, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and arachidic acids. The unsaponifiable matter is a mixture of stigmasterol, n- triacontane and lupeol. Seeds contain lysine.... guettarda speciosa

(Babylonian) In mythology, a goddess Gulah, Gulla, Gullah... gula

(Arabic) Resembling the rose Gulaab, Gul... gulab

(German) Feminine form of Wilhelm; determined protector Guglielma, Guillelmina, Guillielma, Gulielmina, Guillermina... gulielma

(Arabic) Resembling the pomegranate Gulinare, Gulinear, Gulineir, Gulinara, Gulinaria, Gulinarea... gulinar

(Norse) In mythology, a dark goddess

Gullveiga, Gullveige, Gulveig, Gulveiga, Gulveige... gullveig

(Arabic) From the gardens Gulzare, Gulzaar, Gulzara, Gulzaria, Gulzarea, Gulshan, Gulshana, Gulshania, Gulshanea... gulzar

See MOUTH, DISEASES OF; TEETH, DISEASES OF.... gums, diseases of

(Norse) A battlemaiden Gunhilde, Gunilda, Gunilla, Gunna, Gunnel, Gunnhilda, Gunda, Gunnef, Gunnhild, Gunnhildr... gunhilda

(Norse) In mythology, the daughter of Suttung... gunnlod

Gunpowder tea is a Chinese tea made in Zhejiang Provence, China. It’s a form of green tea made out of withered, steamed, rolled and dried leaves. The name of gunpowder tea was given due to the fact that the small leaves which are tightly rolled into small round pellets, look like gunpowder. Gunpowder tea, like most green teas, comes from the Camellia Sinensis plant, which is a small leaved bush with many stems that can reach to almost 3 meters. There are many types of gunpowder tea, judging by the type of the leaves:

• Pingshui gunpowder which is the most common type, has larger pellets and a more powerful flavor. It is sold as Temple of Heaven Gunpowder.
• Formosa Gunpowder which is grown in Taiwan. Its fragrance is very close to the Taiwanese oolong tea.
• Ceylon Gunpowder is produced at high altitudes in Sri Lanka.

Brewing Gunpowder Tea There are many ways to brew gunpowder tea, but the most handy and common preparation is by putting 1 tablespoon of gunpowder leaves for every 5 ounces of water. The gunpowder must be steeped up to 1-2 minutes into water, boiled at 160 degrees. After that, it can be streamed and served. It is not recommended to put milk or sweeteners in it such as honey or sugar, since the tea already has a soft honey flavor. What does Gunpowder Tea contain? Gunpowder tea, since it is classified as a green tea, it shares all of the components of classic green tea, mainly antioxidant ingredients such as green tea catechins (GTC). The importance of antioxidants is very high since they find and eliminate disease-causing free radicals that can develop cancer or even damage the DNA structure. Benefits of Gunpowder Tea Because antioxidants fight free-radicals, the gunpowder tea helps maintaining your general health.

• It helps fight cancer due to the fact that antioxidants neutralize and reduce the damage that free radicals can cause to cells.
• Prevents type II diabetes due to the fact that green tea may improve insulin sensibility and glucose tolerance.
• It can also be used for treating loose digestion or indigestion. The antioxidants help reduce inflammations that are associated with ulcerative colitis and Chron’s disease.
• Heals wounds and controls bleeding because of the strong fluoride content.
• Slows aging process.

Gunpowder Tea side effects The general side effects that gunpowder tea can have are the same as the ones normal green tea present, such as nausea or stomach ache. Since it has caffeine,gunpowder tea can cause insomnia, nervousness or irritability, so avoid drinking it in the evening or before bed. Also it can cause iron deficiency, which is why people who take iron supplements are strongly advised not to drink any type of green tea, or to drink it at least 2 hours before taking the supplements or 4 hours after taking them. All in all, gunpowder tea has more benefits for your health than side effects.  It is good to drinkgunpowder tea, because it helps your immune system and provides you with all the vitamins you need in order to stay healthy.... gunpowder tea - a popular chinese green tea

(Hebrew) Resembling a young lioness Gurie, Guriele, Gurielle, Gurice, Gurit, Gury, Gurey, Guree, Gureah, Gurea... guri

(English) Form of Augusta, meaning “venerable; majestic” Gussi, Gussy, Gussey, Gussee, Gustela, Gustella, Gustel, Gustele, Gustelle, Gusty, Gussea, Gusseah... gussie

(Swedish) Feminine form of Gustave; from the staff of the gods Gustavah, Gustha, Guusa, Gustaafa, Gusta, Gust... gustava

Power, conferred by legal authority, to control an indivdual’s affairs in relation to medical or other care.... legal guardianship

Descriptive tool or standardized specification for care of an older person in a typical situation developed through a formal process that incorporates the best scientific evidence of effectiveness with expert opinion.... practice guideline

Musician’s breast.

Alternatives:– External treatment. Lotion – few drops Tincture Arnica in eggcup of water. Aloe Vera or Comfrey cream. Marshmallow and Slippery Elm ointment. ... breast, guitar nipple

See: COCILLANA. ... guarea

Commiphora mukul. Resin. Myrrh-like exudate.

Action: anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic, anti-cholesterol.

Uses: Internally: rheumatism, gout. Regulate cholesterol levels. Lumbago. Osteoarthritis. Preparations. Tincture: 1-5 drops in water, thrice daily.

Powder: two 300mg capsules thrice daily. (Arkocaps) ... gugulon

See: OESOPHAGEAL STRICTURE.... gullet, stricture of.

To prevent suppuration and pyaemia – Marigold.

Internally: Marigold petal tea freely.

Externally: Marigold (Calendula) ointment, cream or fomentation with petals. During the Coup d’etat in Paris in 1849, a Dr Jahr saved many limbs with Marigold. Echinacea to allay infection. See entry: WOUNDS. ... gunshot wounds

Linn.

Family: Myrtaceae.

Habitat: Native to Central America; cultivated chiefly in Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Bihar, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh.

English: Guava

Ayurvedic: Peruka (non-classical), Amaruuda.

Siddha/Tamil: Koyya.

Action: Unripe fruit—antidiar- rhoeal. Leaves—used for dysentery, diabetes, cough and cold. Flowers— anthelmintic.

Guava juice may be helpful in regulating blood sugar in type 2 diabetes and syndrome X. (Sharon M. Herr.)

A residue obtained from methanolic fraction of unripe fruits was found to possess significant antidiarrhoeal activity. The fraction decreased gastric motility in an experimental animal model. The fraction was also found to inhibit significantly the growth of different strains of Shigella sp. and Vibrio cholerae.

In China and Taiwan, the leaf extract is administered for treating diarrhoea, dysentery, diabetes and inflammations. The leaf extract (containing quercetin) inhibits acetylcholine release in the gastro-intestinal tract which might account for us antidiarrhoeal activity. An extract of leaves with a little salt is given in relieve whooping cough.

In New Papua Guinea, decoction of new leaf tips is drunk to treat hepatitis.

Guava seed oil contains very higher proporation of linoleic acid (75.52%) than sunflower, groundnut, olive, soybean and coconut oil. The seeds from Pakistan yield 9.25% of a fatty oil.

Vitamin C content of the ripe fruit ranges from 100 to 1000 mg/100 g. It is highest in the skin and in the flesh next to it.

Psidium cattleyanum Sabine is equated with Straberry Guava and is known as Seemai Koyya in Tamil Nadu and Pahari Payaar in Bengal. The fruit contains vitamin C 15-44 mg/100 g.

Smaller var. of Guava is equated with Psidium guineense Sw. It is found in Tripura.... psidium guajava

The idea of a marriage-guidance council came from a group of doctors, clergy and social workers who were concerned for the welfare of marriage. It is based upon two major concepts: that marriage provides the best possible way for a man and woman to live together and rear their children; and that the counsellors share a basic respect for the unique personality of the individual and his (or her) right to make his (or her) own decisions. The organisation consists of between 120 and 130 Marriage Guidance Councils throughout the country, comprising about 1,250 counsellors. These Councils are a?liated to Relate National Marriage Guidance, which is responsible for the selection, training and continued supervision of all counsellors. Anyone seeking help can telephone or write for an appointment. No fees are charged, but those receiving help are encouraged to donate what they can.... relate marriage guidance

Lignum vitae tree of the West Indies. Guaiacum officinalis L. German: Guajakbaum. French: Bois de gai?ac. Spanish: Guayaco. Italian: Guaiaco. Parts used: heart wood and gum resin. Keynote: rheumatism.

Constituents: terpenoids, lignans, resin acids.

Action: anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, adaptogen, diuretic, powerful blood cleanser, anti-psoriasis, anti-tuberculin, diaphoretic, acts on fibrous tissue.

Uses: Inflammatory rheumatism: takes the heat out of any rheumatic or arthritic flare-up. Rheumatoid arthritis, gouty nodes on fingers, knees, etc. Osteo-arthritis. Mercurial poisoning is ever present in the modern world: Guaiacum is a natural antidote for this metal for the many conditions it causes including rheumatism. Shrunken tendons of hands (Dupuytrens contracture). Overpowering body odour. Psoriasis, eczema, boils, abscesses. In the 16th and 17th centuries it had a reputation for syphilis.

Combines well with Sarsaparilla for the above: (Guaiacum 1; Sarsaparilla 2 parts).

Preparations: Thrice daily.

Decoction: quarter of a teaspoon wood chips or sawdust to each cup water simmered gently 20 minutes. Dose: quarter to half a cup.

Liquid Extract: 1-2ml.

Tincture, BPC 1934: 1:5 in 90 per cent alcohol, dose 1-4ml. ... guaiacum

See gingivitis.... bleeding gums

A multidisciplinary diagnosis and advice team service for children suffering from emotional or behavioural problems in children. Indications of problems include poor performance at school, disruptive or withdrawn behaviour, lawbreaking, and drug abuse.

Child guidance professionals include psychiatrists, psychologists, and psychiatric social workers. For young children, play therapy may be used for diagnosis. Older children may be offered counselling, psychotherapy, or group therapy. Family therapy may be used in cases where there are difficulties between the child and 1 or both parents.... child guidance

Brazilian cocoa. Paullinia cupana. French: Quarane. Italian: Quarana. Spanish: Quarana. Legendary sacred fruit of the Amazon Indians. Seeds, roasted and ground to a fine powder. Popular stimulant drink throughout South America. Dietary supplement. Keynote: revitaliser. Constituents: theobromine, theophyllin, caffeine (7 per cent), saponins, tannins, choline.

Action: anti-stress agent, tonic, nutrient, nerve relaxant, astringent, adaptogen, diuretic. Sustains the immune system. Aphrodisiac. Gentle stimulant for adrenals. Revitaliser. Antidepressant.

Uses: Sportsman’s strength and stay. Increases stamina, adapts the body to stresses of modern living. Jet- lag, nervous depression, diarrhoea. Recovery from illness, hang-over symptoms. To adapt circadian rhythm after long-distance travel. To sustain the brain during prolonged mental effort. Stress-related headaches.

Preparations: Capsules contain 500mg sundried powder. Two capsules on rising. Tablets (350mg) two thrice daily. The powder may be mixed with Cassava flour and water to make a paste which stirred into water provides a strengthening beverage. A popular Brazilian drink: half-1 teaspoon powder to glass lemonade. (Rio Trading Co. Ltd., Brighton) ... guarana

 Neglected professional dental attention may result in deposits of plaque or tartar on the teeth, responsible for gum recession and loose teeth. Gums become soft and sensitive. Usually associated with refined sugar intake, carbonated beverages, the aftermath of infections, etc. Recession may be caused by incorrect brushing of the teeth.

To harden gums: 5-10 drops Tincture Myrrh in tumbler of water as a mouth rinse, freely. To inhibit plaque: chew sticks of Marshmallow root, Liquorice root, or Orris root. Saliva from such chewing inhibits lactic acid; reduces adherence of Saliva mutans.

Mouth wash. Leaves of Comfrey, Sage or Walnut. 2 teaspoons to each cup boiling water; infuse 15 minutes.

Marie Treben’s Mouth Rinse. Equal parts, Ladies Mantle, Oak bark, Sage, Knotgrass. Mix. 2 teaspoons to cup boiling water; infuse 15 minutes. Strain off.

Bloodroot makes a mouth wash for reducing plaque and blocks enzymes that destroy collagen in gum tissue. (American Herbal Association)

Cider Vinegar. 2 teaspoons in glass of water. Sips throughout the day.

Diet. Alfalfa tea. Sugar-free, salt-free diet. Reject foods known to contain additives. Supplementation. Vitamin C (1 gram daily). Calcium. Dolomite. ... gums, receding

A rare condition affecting the peripheral nerves (see peripheral nervous system) that causes weakness, usually in the limbs. The cause is believed to be an allergic reaction to an infection, usually viral; the nerves are damaged by antibodies produced by the body to eliminate the infection. In most cases, the disease develops 2 or 3 weeks after the onset of infection. Weakness, often accompanied by numbness and tingling, usually starts in the legs and spreads to the arms. The weakness may become progressively worse, resulting in paralysis. The muscles of the face and those controlling speech, swallowing, and breathing may also be affected.

Diagnosis of Guillain–Barré syndrome is confirmed by electrical tests to measure how fast nerve impulses are being conducted, or by a lumbar puncture. Most people recover fully with only supportive treatment. However, in severe cases, treatment with plasmapheresis or immunoglobulin may be given. Mechanical ventilation may be needed to aid breathing if the respiratory muscles and diaphragm are severely affected. Some people are left with permanent weakness in affected areas and/or suffer from further attacks of the disease.... guillain–barré syndrome

A painful feeling that arises from the awareness of having broken a moral code.

Guilt is self-inflicted, unlike shame, which depends on how other people view the transgression.

Some psychoanalysts view guilt as a result of the prohibitions of the superego instilled by parental authority in early life.

Others see guilt as a conditioned response to actions that in the past have led to punishment.

Feeling guilty for no reason or for an imagined crime is one of the main symptoms of psychotic depression.... guilt

A tropical disease caused by a female parasitic worm more than 1 m long. Infection is the result of drinking water containing the water flea cyclops, which harbours larvae of the worm. The larvae pass through the intestine and mature in body tissues. After about a year, the adult female worm, now pregnant, approaches the skin surface and creates an inflamed blister that bursts, exposing the end of the worm. Urticaria, nausea, and diarrhoea often develop while the blister is forming. The disease occurs in Africa, South America, the Caribbean, Middle East, and India.

The traditional remedy is to wind the worm from the skin on to a small stick. Once the worm is out, the condition usually clears up. The drugs tiabendazole and niridazole are given to reduce inflammation, antibiotics are given to control secondary infection, and the patient is immunized against tetanus.... guinea worm disease

Withdrawal of the gums from around the teeth, exposing part of the roots. The teeth may be sensitive to hot and cold substances, and the attachment of the tooth in the socket may weaken, causing the tooth to become loose. Severe cases of receding gums are usually a signs of gum disease (see periodontitis; gingivitis).... receding gums

see BCG. [A. L. C. Calmette (1863–1933) and C. Guérin (1872–1961), French bacteriologists]... bacille calmette–guérin

see Gillick competence.... fraser guidelines

n. a drug that is occasionally used for the rapid reduction of high blood pressure resistant to other treatments (see sympatholytic). Common side-effects are diarrhoea, faintness, and headache.... guanethidine

n. one of the nitrogen-containing bases (see purine) that occurs in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA.... guanine

n. a compound containing guanine and the sugar ribose. See also nucleotide.... guanosine

n. wire used as a guide to insert a catheter during interventional procedures, particularly in the *Seldinger technique. Guidewires often have multiple cores and a variety of coverings, depending on their functions, and they vary in stiffness and thickness. Their ends may be curved, to get past tight strictures, or J-shaped, to avoid accidentally puncturing a vessel wall or other structure while being pushed forward.... guidewire

n. (in surgery) 1. an instrument used for removing the tonsils. It is loop-shaped and contains a sliding knife blade. 2. an encircling suture to control the escape of fluid or blood from an orifice or to close a gap.... guillotine

n. a soft flexible appliance that fits over and covers the teeth for protection in contact sports. The best are custom-made to fit the individual.... gumshield

a common cause of both military and civil injuries. Gunshot wounds are usually produced by high-velocity missiles: deep-seated tissue destruction of thermal origin is a major complication.... gunshot wound

n. the sense of taste or the act of tasting.... gustation

adj. relating to the sense of taste or to the organs of taste.... gustatory

(heel-prick blood test) a blood test performed on all newborn babies at the end of the first week of life. The blood is obtained by pricking the heel of the baby. The test can detect several *inborn errors of metabolism (including *phenylketonuria) and *hypothyroidism; it can also be used for detecting *cystic fibrosis, although this is not routinely offered. [R. Guthrie (1916–95), US paediatrician]... guthrie test

n. (pl. guttae) (in pharmacy) a drop. Drops are the form in which medicines are applied to the eyes and ears.... gutta

n. a tough plastic substance derived from the latex of several Malaysian trees of the sapodilla family. It is hard at room temperature but becomes soft and plastic when heated. On cooling, gutta-percha will retain any shape imparted to it when hot. It is used in dentistry in the form of gutta-percha points as the principal core of *root fillings.... gutta-percha

adj. describing lesions in the skin that are shaped like drops.... guttate

(IGRT) the process of imaging during a course of radiation treatment to verify the internal position of the target in comparison to the initial planning scan. This enables adjustment of *treatment fields to improve coverage and allows the use of smaller treatment volumes. The possible methods for IGRT include cone beam CT, *tomotherapy, *cyberknife, and ultrasound and kilovoltage X-rays of implanted fiducial markers.... image-guided radiotherapy

see computer-assisted surgery.... image-guided surgery

a congenital condition characterized by drooping (*ptosis) of one eyelid. On opening or moving the mouth, the droopy lid elevates momentarily, resembling a wink. It is believed to be due to an abnormal innervation of the levator muscle by the trigeminal nerve. [R. Marcus Gunn (1850–1909), British ophthalmologist]... marcus gunn jaw-winking syndrome

see malakoplakia.... michaelis–gutmann bodies

Bulnesia sarmienti

FAMILY: Zygophyllaceae

SYNONYMS: Champaca wood (oil), ‘palo santo’.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION: A small, wild tropical tree up to 4 metres high, with a decorative hard wood.

DISTRIBUTION: Native to South America, especially Paraguay and Argentina. Some oil is distilled in Europe and the USA.

OTHER SPECIES: Distinct from guaiac gum and guaiac resin, known as guaiacum, obtained from related trees Guaiacum officinale and G. sanctum. However, they are somewhat similar products and share common properties.

HERBAL/FOLK TRADITION: The wood is much used for ornamental carving. It was formerly used for treating rheumatism and gout; guaiacum is still current in the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia as a specific for rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis. Valnet includes guaiacum in his ‘elixirs’ for gout, venereal disease and in mouthwashes.

ACTIONS: Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antirheumatic, antiseptic, diaphoretic, diuretic, laxative.

EXTRACTION: Essential oil by steam distillation from the broken wood and sawdust.

CHARACTERISTICS: A yellow, amber or greenish, soft or semi-solid mass with a pleasant, tearose type fragrance and sometimes an unpleasant smoky undertone. It blends well with geranium, neroli, oakmoss, rose, costus, sandalwood, amyris, spice and woody-floral bases.

PRINCIPAL CONSTITUENTS: Guaiol (42–72 per cent), bulnesol, bulnesene, guaiene, patchoulene, guaioxide, among others.

SAFETY DATA: Non-toxic, non-irritant, non-sensitizing.

AROMATHERAPY/HOME: USE

Circulationl muscles and joints: Arthritis, gout, rheumatoid arthritis.

OTHER USES: The fluid extract and tincture are used in pharmacology, mainly as a diagnostic reagent in blood tests. Used as a fixative and fragrance component in soaps, cosmetics and perfumes.... guaiacwood