Stemi Health Dictionary

Linn.

Family: Papilionaceae; Fabaceae.

Habitat: Cultivated in most parts of India.

English: Bengal Gram, Chick pea.

Ayurvedic: Chanaka, Chanakaa, Harimantha, Vajimantha, Jivan, Sakal-priya.

Unani: Nakhud.

Siddha/Tamil: Kadalai, Mookkuk- kadalai.

Action: Antibilious, hypoc- holesteremic, antihyperlipidemic, antistress. Acid exudate from the plant—used in indigestion, diarrhoea, dysentery. Seed coat extract—diuretic, antifungal (externally). Dry leaf—refrigerant.

Supplementation of gram in wheat based diet helps in lysine absorption which is otherwise a limiting amino acid in cereal based diets. Germination improves mineral bioavailability. In germinated gram flour, there is significant increase in nutritional quality of protein and very significant increase in ascorbic acid.

The seeds contain pangamic acid, the stemina building, antistress and antihyperlipidemic principle of gram. Gram is given as preventive diet to atherosclerosis patients because of its rich phosphorus content.

Isoflavones, biochanin A and for- monetin exhibited hypolipidermic activity in rats. Total flavonoids reduced serum and liver cholesterol in rats.

Seeds reduced postprandial plasma glucose in human.... cicer arietinum

a combination of angina (unstable or stable), non-S–T elevation *myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and S–T elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). It implies the presence of coronary artery disease.... acute coronary syndrome

death of a segment of heart muscle, which follows interruption of its blood supply (see coronary thrombosis). Myocardial infarction is usually confined to the left ventricle. The patient experiences a ‘heart attack’: sudden severe chest pain, which may spread to the arms and throat. Although severe chest pain is the most widely recognized symptom of myocardial infarction, many patients – especially women – do not have chest pain. Other presenting symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, sweating, shortness of breath, and dizziness. The main danger is that of ventricular *fibrillation, which accounts for most of the fatalities. Other *arrhythmias are also frequent. Other complications include heart failure, rupture of the heart, phlebothrombosis, pulmonary embolism, pericarditis, shock, mitral regurgitation, and perforation of the septum between the ventricles.

Patients with myocardial infarction are best cared for in a specialized coronary care unit with facilities for the early detection, prevention, and treatment of arrhythmias and *cardiac arrest. Blockage of a major coronary artery is detected by elevation of the *S–T segment on the *electrocardiogram (STEMI or S–T elevation myocardial infarction). It is relieved by emergency *coronary angioplasty (commonly called primary *percutaneous coronary intervention) or the intravenous infusion of a drug to dissolve thrombus (*thrombolysis). Most survivors of myocardial infarction are able to return to a full and active life, including those who have been successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Lesser degrees of coronary obstruction may not be seen on the electrocardiogram but are revealed by the detection of raised *troponin levels in the blood (NSTEMI or non-S–T elevation myocardial infarction). Treatment is with *antiplatelet drugs and early percutaneous coronary intervention.... myocardial infarction