Probenecid Health Dictionary

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Probenecid: From 3 Different Sources

A drug used in the longterm treatment of gout.

Probenecid also slows the excretion of some antibiotic drugs and so is occasionally prescribed with these drugs to boost their levels and thus their effects.

It may cause nausea and vomiting.

Other possible effects include flushing and dizziness.

Health Source: BMA Medical Dictionary
Author: The British Medical Association
A benzoic-acid derivative which interferes with the excretion by the KIDNEYS of certain compounds, including PENICILLIN and PARA-AMINO SALICYLIC ACID. Probenecid and was originally introduced into medicine for this reason, as a means of increasing and maintaining the concentration of penicillin in the body; it is also used to treat chronic GOUT.
Health Source: Medical Dictionary
Author: Health Dictionary
n. a drug that reduces the level of uric acid in the blood (see uricosuric drug). It is administered to prevent the toxic effects on the kidney of the antiviral drug cidofovir, used in treating severe cytomegalovirus eye infection in AIDS patients. Mild side-effects, such as digestive upsets, dizziness, and frequent urination, may occur.
Health Source: Oxford | Concise Colour Medical Dictionary
Author: Jonathan Law, Elizabeth Martin

Uricosuric Drug

A drug that increases the amount of URIC ACID excreted in the URINE. Among the drugs used are PROBENECID or a sulfa derivative. Uricosurics are used to treat GOUT and other disorders which cause raised blood-uric-acid concentrations.... uricosuric drug

Favism

A type of haemolytic ANAEMIA, attacks of which occur within an hour or two of eating broad beans (Vicia fava). It is a hereditary disease due to lack of an essential ENZYME called glucose-6phosphate dehydrogenase, which is necessary for the continued integrity of the red cell. This defect is inherited as a sex-linked dominant trait, and the red cells of patients with this abnormality have a normal life-span until challenged by certain drugs or fava beans when the older cells are rapidly destroyed, resulting in haemolytic anaemia. Fourteen per cent of African-Americans are affected and 60 per cent of Yemenite Jews in Israel. The perpetuation of the gene is due to the greater resistance against MALARIA that it carries. Severe and even fatal HAEMOLYSIS has followed the administration of the antimalarial compounds pamaquine and primaquine in sensitive individuals. These red cells are sensitive not only to fava beans and primaquine but also to sulphonamides, acetanilide, phenacetin, para-aminosalicyclic acid, nitrofurantoin, probenecid and vitamin K analogues.... favism

Gout

A common metabolic disorder that causes attacks of arthritis, usually in a single joint (most commonly the base of the big toe). Gout is due to high levels of uric acid in the blood (see hyperuricaemia); the arthritis is due to the deposition of uric acid crystals in joint tissue. The affected joint is red, swollen, and tender. Attacks last a few

days and often recur. They are sometimes accompanied by fever. Gout may be associated with kidney stones (see calculus, urinary tract), and affects 10 times more men than women. In men, it occurs any time after puberty; in women it usually occurs after the menopause. The condition tends to run in families.

The diagnosis is confirmed by tests on blood or fluid from the affected joint to measure uric acid levels. Pain and inflammation can usually be controlled by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or colchicine. If these are ineffective, a corticosteroid may be injected into the joint. Long-term treatment with drugs such as allopurinol or probenecid can stop or reduce the frequency of attacks.... gout


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