(Arabic) As sweet as chocolate Mochah
Habitat: The Western Himalayas, Punjab and Upper Gangetic Plain.
English: Darnel, Taumelloolch.Ayurvedic: Mochani.Folk: Mostaki, Visha-ghaasa (Bihar).Action: Sedative.
The overground parts of the grass gave alkaloids—loline and perloline. The caryopses of the plant contain volatile alkaloids—N-acetylloline, N- formylloline and N-acetylnorloline.Loline dihydrochloride did not show CNS toxicity.... lolium temulentumAction: All parts of the tree are reported to be used as cardiac and circulatory stimulant. Pods—antipyretic, anthelmintic; fried pods are used by diabetics. Flowers—cholagogue, stimulant, diuretic. Root juice—cardiac tonic, antiepileptic. Used for nervous debility, asthma, enlarged liver and spleen, deep-seated inflammation and as diuretic in calculus affection. Decoction is used as a gargle in hoarseness and sore throat. Root and fruit—antiparalytic. Leaf—juice is used in hiccough (emetic in high doses); cooked leaves are given in influenza and catarrhal affections. Root-bark—antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic. Bark—antifungal, antibacterial. Stem-bark and flower—hypo- glycaemic. Seeds—an infusion, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and diuretic; given in venereal diseases.
Along with other therapeutic applications, The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India indicated the use of the dried root bark in goitre, glycosuria and lipid disorders (also dried seeds), and leaf, seed, root bark and stem bark in internal abscess, piles and fistula-in-ano.The plant contains antibacterial principles, spirochin and pterygosper- min which are effective against both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria.The leaves contain nitrile glycosides, niazirin and niazirinin and mustard oil glycosides. The mustard oil glycosides showed hypotensive, bradycardiac effects and spasmolytic activity, justifying the use of leaves for gastrointestinal motility disorders.The roots possess antibacterial, anti- choleric and antiviral properties due to the presence of pterygospermin, Spiro chin and benzylisothiocyanate. The root extract exhibited significant anti- inflammatory activity in carrageenan- induced paw-oedema in rats.The leaves exhibited hypoglycaemic activity, although the plasma insulin level did not alter much.The root and bark showed antifer- tility activity through biphasic action on the duration of the estrous cycle of female rats.Dosage: Leaf—10-20 ml. juice. (API, Vol. III); root bark—2-5 g powder; stem bark—2-5 g powder; seed—5-10 g powder (API, Vol. IV). Leaf, flower, fruit, seed, bark, root— 1-3 g powder; 50-100 ml decoction. (CCRAS.)... moringa pterygospermaHabitat: Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Jalgaon district (Maharashtra), West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
English: Banana, Plantain.Ayurvedic: Kadali, Rambhaa, Sakrtphala, Vaaranaa, Mochaa, Ambusaara, Anshumatiphal.Unani: Kelaa, Mouz.Siddha/Tamil: Vaazhai.Action: Fruit—mild laxative, combats diarrhoea and dysentery, promotes healing of intestinal lesions in ulcerative colitis. Unripe fruit considered useful in diabetes. Fruit powder—used as a food supplement in sprue and other intestinal disorders. Root— anthelmintic.
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia ofIn- dia recommends the fresh rhizome in dysuria, polyuria (in females) and menstrual disorders; the flower in asthma, bleeding disorders, vaginal discharges and leucorrhoea.The pulp of ripe fruit (50 g/rat per day) given daily with standard food pellets prevented increase in blood pressure in deoxycorticosterone-in- duced hypertension in rats. This was found partially related to increased serotonin levels triggered by the high carbohydrate and tryptophan content of the fruit.Dietary fibre prepared from unripe banana exerted an antiatherogenic effect, keeping the levels of cholesterol in serum and aorta low, as also the level of LDL cholesterol in rats fed on cholesterol diet.An anti-ulcerogenic acylsterylgly- coside, sitoindoside IV, has been isolated from unripe banana.A pectin containing hexoses (32.4%) and uronic acid (52.5%) has been isolated from the pith of the stem. The pectin was found to exhibit significant hypolipidaemic and hypoglycaemic activity in rats.The flower extract exhibited hypo- glycaemic activity in rabbits.The pseudostem is reported to possess lithotriptic and antilithic properties. The extract reduced the precursor of oxalate formation, the liver glycolic acid content in hyperoxaluric rats.The benzene extract of the root exhibited significant antibacterial and an- tifungal activity.Dosage: Dried flower—10-20 g. (API, Vol. IV.)... musa paradisiacaHabitat: The hotter parts of India, up to 1,350 m.
Ayurvedic: Shaalmali, Mochaa, Mochaahva, Pichhila, Raktapushpa, Sthiraayu, Kankataadhya, Tuulini. Shaalmali-veshtaka (gum).Unani: Semal. Mochras (gum).Siddha: Mul Ilavam. Ielavampisin (gum).Folk: Semar.Action: Young roots (Semul- musali)—astringent, (used for dysentery) stimulant, demulcent. Fruits—stimulant, diuretic, expectorant. Used for chronic inflammation of bladder, kidney also for calculus affections. Flowers— astringent and cooling, applied to cutaneous affections. Leaves— anti-inflammatory. Stem bark— demulcent, styptic. Aqueous extract with curd is given for blood- dysentery. Bark—paste is applied to skin eruptions, boils, acne, pimples. Seeds used for chickenpox, smallpox, catarrhal affections, chronic cystitis and genitourinary diseases. Gum—astringent, demulcent, styptic. Used for diarrhoea, dysentery, haemoptysis, bleeding piles, menor- rhagia, spermatorrhoea. Root and pod—used for the treatment of low vitality and debility.
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia ofIn- dia recommends the stem bark in bleeding disorders and in acne vul- garis.All parts of the plant gave beta- sitosterol and its glucosides; seeds, bark and root bark, lupeol; flowers, hentri- acontane, hentriacontanol; root bark, in addition, gave 7-hydroxycadalene. The seed oil yields arachidic, linoleic, myristic, oleic and palmitic acids; seeds contain carotenes, n-hexacosanol, et- hylgallate and tocopherols; the gum contains gallic and tannic acids, yields L-arbinose, D-galactose, D-galacturo- nic acid and D-galactopyranose.Younger roots contain more sugars (arabinose and galactose 8.2%) and peptic substances (6.0%) than the older ones. They contain mucilage, starch (71.2%), mineral matter (2.1%), tannins 0.4 and non-tannins 0.1%, along with other constituents.The Musali compares favourably with the nutritive value of Pueraria tuberosa, Dioscorea bulbifera, Ipomoea digitata and Butea monosperma (all used in sexual debility).A related species, Salmalia insig- nis (Wall.) Schott & Endl., synonym Bombax insigne Wall. (Assam, Western Ghats and the Andamans); is known as Semul; Dumboil (Assam), Didu (Andamans) and Kal-ilavu (Tamil Nadu).Dosage: Stem bark—5-10 g powder. (API, Vol. III.) Flower, bark root— 3-5 g powder. (CCRAS.)... salmalia malabarica
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