(Chinese) Resembling an orchid
Laine, Lainey, Laney, Lanie, Layne, Laina, Layna, Lainie, Laen, Laene, Laena, Laeni, Laenie, Lanee, Laynee, Laenee... lane
Habitat: The warmer parts of India, ascending to 1,000 m.
Ayurvedic: Paashaanabheda. Gorakshaganjaa, Aadaanpaaki, Shatkabhedi.Siddha/Tamil: Sirupeelai.Folk: Paashaanabheda (southern India), Gorakhagaanjaa.Action: Anticalculus (used in lithiasis), diuretic, demulcent, anthelmintic, antidiarrhoeal, anticholerin, bechic; leaf used in hepatitis, root in strangury. A decoction of the plant is used in catarrh of bladder. The flowers and roots are used for headache.
Key application: As diuretic and lithontriptic. (The British Herbal Pharmacopoeia.)The plant contains palmitic acid, beta-sitosterol and alpha-amyrin.Aerva scandens Wall., synonym A. sanguinolenta Blume, is also known as Paashaanabheda in the south.Species used as Paashaanabheda: Bergenia ligulata (north), Aerva lanata (south), Coleus amboinicus (east) and Bryophyllum pinnatum (west).Dosage: 50-100 ml decoction. (CCRAS.)... aerva lanataHabitat: Drier parts of India.
English: Almondette tree, Cheron- jee, Buchanan's Mango.Ayurvedic: Priyaala, Piyaala, Kharskandha, Bahulvalkala, Taa- paseshtha, Sannakadru Dhanush- pat, Chaar.Unani/Tamil ? Saaraapparuppu.Siddha: Mudaima, Morala (Tamil).Action: Kernel—laxative, febrifuge. An ointment made out of the kernels is used to cure itch of the skin and to remove blemishes from the face. Oil from kernels— substitute for almond oil. Applied to glandular swellings of the neck. The oil is a promising source of palmitic and oleic acids.
Kernel lipids (65.6%), comprised mainly of neutral lipids (90.4%), consist mostly of triacylglycerol (82.2%), free fatty acids (7.8%) and small amount of diacylglycerols, monoacylglycerols and sterols.The kernels are used in Indian medicine as a brain tonic. The leaves are valued as a cardiotonic.The leaves contain 2.64% tannins (0.35% gallo-tannins). The presence of triterpenoids, saponins, flavonoids and reducing sugars are also reported. Powdered or crushed leaves are applied to wounds.The bark contains 13.40% tannins. The presence of alkaloids, saponins and reducing sugars is also reported.Gum (stem exudate) is antidiar- rhoeal. Used internally in rheumatism.Dosage: Stem bark—5-10 g (API Vol. IV.)... buchanania lanzanHabitat: The sub-Himalayan tract, ascending up to 750 m, and throughout India.
Siddha/Tamil: Erigai, Navelangu.Folk: Gorakh, Takoli, Bithuaa.Action: A decoction of bark— used in dyspepsia. Oil—applied to rheumatic affections, and cutaneous diseases. Leaf—in leprosy and allied obstinate skin diseases.
Baptigenin from leaves and flowers possesses properties to treat arthritic affections and inflammations. An isoflavone glycoside of biochanin (lanceolarin) has been obtained from the root bark. Ether, EtOH and aqueous extract of leaves exhibited an- tiarthritic activity in rats.The heartwood of Dalbergia sp. contains quinones. Bark and pods contain tannins.Root bark gave isoflavone glycosides and lanceolarin.Dosage: Whole plant—50-100 ml decoction. (CCRAS.)... dalbergia lanceolariaHabitat: Native to Europe. Now cultivated mainly in Kashmir (Yarikhah), also occurs wild.
English: Grecian Foxglove.Ayurvedic: Hritpatri, Tilapushpi (non-classical). (Yellow var.)Action: See D. purpurea.
Earlier, the herb was used to treat ulcers, boils, abscesses, headaches and paralysis. William Withering, an 18th century English country doctor, explored the plant's hidden properties. His work led to the production of digoxin, a life-saving medicine.Safety of the herb cannot be established due to variable amounts of cardiac glycosides. The powder is toxic at 520 mg.... digitalis lanataLanae, Lanette, Lanna, Lanny, Lannice, Lanice... lana
Lanasa, Lanassia, Lanasia, Lanassiya, Lanasiya... lanassa
Habitat: Throughout India, ascending to 1,500 m in the Himalayas.
Ayurvedic: Jingini, Jhingan, Gudamanjari.Siddha/Tamil: Kalasan, Anaikkarai, Odiyan.Action: Bark—stimulant and astringent; used in gout; decoction for aphthae of the mouth and for toothache. Leaves— boiled and applied to sprains, bruises, local swellings, elephantiasis. Gum— given in asthma; as a cordial to women during lactation.
The roots contain cluytyl ferulate; heartwood gave lanosterol; bark, dl- epi-catechin and (+)-leucocyanidin; flowers and leaves, ellagic acid, querce- tin and quercetin-3-arabinoside. Flowers also contain iso-quercetin and morin. Leaves in addition contain beta-sitosterol, leucocyanidin and leu- codelphinidin.... lannea coromandelicaHabitat: Cultivated in Nilgiris and a few other places in South India.
En ? glishLangsat Fruit, Dockoa.Folk: Duku.Action: Bark—astringent, an- tidysenteric. Resin—antidiarrhoeal, prescribed in intestinal spasm. Seed—febrifuge, vermifuge.
The peel of the fruit contains a tri- terpenoid acid (lansic acid). Seeds are bitter; contain traces of an alkaloid and resin.The crude extract of fruit peel, containing lansic acid, lansioside A, B and C or their derivatives, is used as an ingredient of shampoos and hair tonics.... lansium domesticumLanzah, Lanzia, Lanziah, Lanzea, Lanzeah... lanza
Habitat: The temperate Himalayas from Kashmir to Nepal
Action: Roots—an adulterant of Saussurea lappa. Used as a substitute for Saliva moorcroftiana.... salvia lanata
Habitat: Sikkim Himalayas, Assam and Manipur.
Ayurvedic: Hindi Chobachini.Folk: Shukchin (Maharashtra), Hariaa.Action: Roots—used for rheumatic affections.... smilax lanceifolia
Habitat: Native to tropical America; naturalized and occurs throughout India. Also grown as hedge plant.
English: Lantana, Wild Sage, Surinam Tea Plant.Ayurvedic: Chaturaangi, Vanachch- hedi.Siddha/Tamil: Unnichedi.Folk: Ghaaneri (Maharashtra).Action: Plant—antirheumatic, antimalarial; used in tetanus and ataxy of abdominal viscera. Pounded leaves are applied to cuts, ulcers and swellings; a decoction of leaves and fruits is used as a lotion for wounds.
The plant is considered poisonous. The leaves contain toxic principles, lantadenes A and B, which cause acute photosensitization, jaundice, kidney and liver lesions. A steroid, lanca- marone, is cardioactive and fish poison.The bark of stems and roots contain a quinine-like alkaloid, lantanine. The extract of the shoot showed antibacterial activity against E. coli and Micrococcus pyogenes var. aureus. Flowers contain anthocyanin.... lantana camaraHabitat: Western Himalayas, from Kashmir to Garhwal and Simla.
English: Rib Grass, Ribwort Plantain, English Plantain, Buckhorn Plantain.Unani: Baartang, Aspaghol.Folk: Balatang.Action: Leaf and root—astringent, bechic, antiasthmatic, anti-inflammatory, hypothermic, diuretic. Seed—cathartic, diuretic, haemostatic.
Key application: Internally, for catarrhs of the respiratory tract and inflammatory alterations of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa; externally for inflammatory reactions of the skin. (German Commission E, ESCOP.)Globularin and methyl ester of de- sacetyl asperulosidic acid were isolated from the plant along with cat- apol. A crude mucilage, isolated from the leaves, contains L-arabinose 26.0, D-galactose 35.8, D-glucose 21.9, D- mannose 4.6, L-rhamnose 4.6 and uronic acid 6.9%. Alpha-D-glucan was separated from this mucilage.Leaves gave aucubin and esculetin, in addition to polysaccharides. The whole plant yielded rhamnosidoglyco- side of caffeic acid. Seeds contain 1.1% aucubin. Aucubin exhibits antibacterial activity. Hepatoprotective effect is also attributed to the aucubin content.Alcoholic extract of young leaves exhibit antibacterial action against Streptococcus betahaemolyticus, Micrococ- cus pyogenes var. aureus and Bacillus subtilis, thus confirming their wound- healing properties.... plantago lanceolataHabitat: Punjab, Upper Gangetic plains, Gujarat, Rajasthan.
Ayurvedic: Raasnaa, Rasanaa, Raas- nikaa, Rasaa, Yuktaa, Yuktrasaa, Suvahaa, Elaaparni.Folk: Vaaya-surai (Uttar Pradesh), Raayasan.Action: Aerial parts—smooth muscle relaxant. Stem—antiinflammatory. Pluchea lanceolata is the source of Raasnaa in Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat. Vanda roxburghii is used as Raasnaa in Bengal. Throughout South India, Alpinia galanga is accepted as Raasnaa.
The stem and leaves contain morete- nol, moretenol acetate, neolupenol, oc- tacosanoic, hexacosanoic and tetra- cosanoic acid, tetracosanol, hexaco- sanol, triacontanol, stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol-D-glucoside.The petroleum extract of the stem and leaves and the chloroform-soluble portion of the methanolic extract exhibited 31.9% and 54.5% antioedema activity, respectively. The triterpenes, moretenol acetate, moretenol and ne- olupenol exhibited 55.2,32,8 and 39.7% anti-inflammatory activity respectively as against ibuprofen as standard exhibiting 65.5% activity.... pluchea lanceolata
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