The 2 main dopa-decarboxylase inhibitors, co-beneldopa and co-careldopa, are a combination of levodopa and benserazide and levodopa and carbidopa respectively.
These drugs prevent levodopa from being activated except within the brain, which reduces the incidence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting.
In old age the concentration of L-dopa in the brain decreases. This substance is available in very high concentrations in the plant Vivia faba (broad bean). Highest concentration is found in type WH 305. Research has shown that regular eating of these golden beans can prolong life expectancy, slow down the ageing process and possibly allow a reduced dosage in medication. ... l. dopa
An excessive accumulation of monoamines can induce a dangerous reaction characterised by high blood pressure, palpitations, sweating and a feeling of su?ocation. Hence the care with which MAOI drugs are administered. What is equally important, however, is that in no circumstances should a patient receiving any MAOI drug eat cheese, yeast preparations such as Marmite, tinned ?sh, or high game. The reason for this ban is that all these foodstu?s contain large amounts of tyramine which increases the amount of certain monoamines such as noradrenaline in the body. (See MENTAL ILLNESS.)
There are also certain drugs, such as AMPHETAMINES and PETHIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE, which must not be taken by a patient who is receiving an MAOI drug. The MAOIs of choice are phenelzine or isocarboxazid because their stimulant effects are less than those of other MAOIs, making them safer.... monoamine oxidase inhibitors (maois)
They work by preventing the breakdown of certain neurotransmitters by the enzyme monoamine oxidase.
The increased levels of neurotransmitters that result are associated with improved mood.
Common drugs include phenelzine and isocarboxazid.
All MAOIs interact with certain other drugs and foods such as cheese and red wine; but moclobemide is known as a reversible , which makes the adverse reactions less likely to occur.... monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Drugs such as donepezil and rivastigmine work by blocking the action of acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme in the brain responsible for the breakdown of acetylcholine.
This raises acetylcholine levels, and, in half of all patients, the drugs slow the rate of progression of dementia.
They have no effect on dementia due to other causes, such as stroke or head injury, however.
Common side effects include nausea, dizziness, and headache.
Rarely, difficulty in passing urine may occur.... acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
They work by blocking the reabsorption of the neurotransmitter serotonin following its release in the brain.
The increased serotonin levels that result are associated with improved mood.
Common drugs in this group include fluoxetine and sertraline.
SSRIs are usually taken orally once a day; it may take 1–3 weeks for any noticeable improvement in symptoms.
SSRIs usually produce fewer side effects than other types of antidepressant drug.
However, they may cause diarrhoea, nausea, restlessness, and anxiety.... selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
SGOT (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) see aspartate aminotransferase.
SGPT (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase) see alanine aminotransferase.... sglt-2 inhibitors
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