Cycl: From 1 Different Sources
(cyclo-) combining form denoting 1. cycle or cyclic. 2. the ciliary body. Example: cyclectomy (excision of).
A derivative of NITROGEN MUSTARDS used to treat various forms of malignant disease, including HODGKIN’S DISEASE and chronic lymphocytic LEUKAEMIA. (See also ALKYLATING AGENTS; CYTOTOXIC.)... cyclophosphamide
Paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the EYE, which results in the loss of the power of ACCOMMODATION in the eye.... cycloplegia
The state characterised by extreme swings of mood from elation to depression, and vice versa. (See also MANIC DEPRESSION; MENTAL ILLNESS.)... cyclothymia
An antibiotic derived from an actinomycete, used to treat certain infections of the genitourinary tract, and and in combination with other drugs to treat TUBERCULOSIS resistant to ?rst-line drugs.... cycloserine
A machine in which positively charged atomic particles are so accelerated that they acquire energies equivalent to those produced by millions of volts. From the medical point of view, its interest is that it is a source of neutrons. (See RADIOTHERAPY.)... cyclotron
A series of key cellular chemical reactions starting and ending with oxaloacetic acid. Also called the citric acid or tricarboxylic acid cycle, it produces energy in the form of ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) and is the last stage in the biological oxidation of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. Named after Sir Hans Krebs, a German biochemist working in England in 1900, who won the Nobel Prize for his discovery.... krebs cycle
1 The entire course of a person’s life – from infancy to old age. 2 The genetically prescribed course followed by all living organisms, including humans.... life cycle
An alternative spelling for ciclosporin.... cyclosporin
Arti?cial sweetening agents which are about 30 times as sweet as cane sugar. After being in use since 1965, they were banned by government decree in 1969 because of adverse reports received from the USA.... cyclamates
Fertility, Protection, Happiness, Lust... cyclamen
This is a syndrome in women, characterised by irregular intermittent bouts of generalised swelling. Sometimes the ?uid retention is more pronounced before the menstrual period (see MENSTRUATION). The eyelids are pu?y and the face and ?ngers feel sti? and bloated. The breasts may feel swollen and the abdomen distended, and ankles may swell. The diurnal weight gain may exceed 4 kg. The underlying disturbance is due to increased loss of ?uid from the vascular compartment, probably from leakage of protein from the capillaries increasing the tissue osmotic pressure. Recent evidence suggests that a decrease in the urinary excretion of DOPAMINE may contribute, as this has a natriuretic action (see NATRIURESIS). This may explain why drugs that are dopamine antagonists, such as chlorpromazine, may precipitate or aggravate cyclical oedema. Conversely, bromocriptine, a dopamine agonist, may improve the oedema.... cyclical oedema
One of the ANTIHISTAMINE DRUGS which is mainly used for the prevention of sickness, including sea-sickness.... cyclizine hydrochloride
See COX-2 INHIBITORS.... cyclo-oxygenase-2 selective inhibitors
One of the most potent of the anaesthetics given by inhalation (see ANAESTHESIA). Its advantages are that it acts quickly, causes little irritation to the lungs, and its effects pass o? quickly.... cyclopropane
Initially believed to be a blue -green alga now known to be an apicomplexan protozoan. Can cause diarrhoea in humans.... cyclosporidium cayetanensis
see Krebs cycle.... citric acid cycle
n. either of two compounds, sodium or calcium cyclamate, that are thirty times as sweet as sugar and, unlike saccharin, stable to heat. Cyclamates were used as sweetening agents in the food industry until 1969, when their use was banned because they were suspected of causing cancer.... cyclamate
n. inflammation of the *ciliary body of the eye (see uveitis). See also Fuchs’ heterochromic cyclitis.... cyclitis
n. a drug with *antihistamine properties, used to prevent and relieve nausea and vomiting in motion sickness, vertigo, and disorders of the inner ear. Common side-effects are drowsiness and dizziness.... cyclizine
n. the destruction of part of the *ciliary body of the eye to reduce the production of aqueous humour and hence reduce intraocular pressure. This technique is used in the treatment of advanced glaucoma resistant to other forms of treatment.... cycloablation
n. the destruction of part of the *ciliary body (see cycloablation) by freezing. It is used to reduce intraocular pressure in the control of glaucoma.... cyclocryotherapy
n. separation of the *ciliary body from its attachment to the sclera, producing a cleft between the two (cyclodialysis cleft). This may be the result of trauma or it may be performed as part of an operation in the treatment of glaucoma.... cyclodialysis
n. a drug, similar to *atropine, that is used in eye drops to paralyse the ciliary muscles and dilate the pupil for eye examinations.... cyclopentolate
n. a type of squint (see strabismus) in which the eye, when tested, tends to rotate slightly clockwise or anticlockwise.... cyclophoria
n. the use of light or lasers to destroy the *ciliary body of the eye in order to reduce production of aqueous humour and hence reduce intraocular pressure. It is used in the treatment of glaucoma.... cyclophotoablation
a condition characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation of the ciliary body and iris (anterior *uveitis) with depigmentation of the affected iris (*heterochromia). Glaucoma and cataract can develop in the affected eye.... fuchs’ heterochromic cyclitis
the periodic sequence of events in sexually mature nonpregnant women by which an egg cell (ovum) is released from the ovary at four-weekly intervals until *menopause. The stages of the menstrual cycle are shown in the diagram. An ovum develops within a *Graafian follicle in the ovary. When mature, it bursts from the follicle and travels along the Fallopian tube to the uterus. A temporary endocrine gland – the corpus luteum – develops in the ruptured follicle and secretes the hormone *progesterone, which causes the lining of the uterus (endometrium) to become thicker and richly supplied with blood in preparation for pregnancy. If the ovum is not fertilized the cycle continues: the corpus luteum shrinks and the endometrium is shed at *menstruation. If fertilization does take place the fertilized ovum becomes attached to the endometrium and the corpus luteum continues to secrete progesterone, i.e. pregnancy begins.... menstrual cycle
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